myVar <- 2
if(myVar < 3){
  print("myVar < 3")
}else{
  print("myVar > 3")
}

myVar <- TRUE
if(is.character(myVar)){
  print("myVar: character")
} else {
  if(is.numeric(myVar)){
    print("myVar: numeric")
  } else {
    if(is.logical(myVar)){
      print("myVar: logical")
    } else {
      print("myVar: ...")
    }
  }
}

prueba <- c(TRUE, FALSE, FALSE)
if(prueba == TRUE){
  print("¡SI!")
}

prueba <- c(TRUE, FALSE, FALSE)
if(prueba[1] == TRUE){
  print("¡SI!")
}

if(prueba[2] == TRUE){
  print("¡SI (2)!")
}

prueba <- c(TRUE, FALSE, FALSE)
if(prueba[1] == TRUE & 
    prueba[2] == TRUE & 
    prueba[3] == TRUE){
  print("¡SI!")
}

prueba <- c(TRUE, FALSE, FALSE)
if(sum(prueba == TRUE) == length(prueba)){
  print("¡SI!")
}

prueba <- c(TRUE, TRUE, TRUE)
if(sum(prueba == TRUE) == length(prueba)){
  print("¡SI!")
}

miNumero <- 9
if(is.numeric(miNumero) & miNumero * 10 < 100){
  print("Numero menor a 10")
}

miNumero <- "55"
if(is.numeric(miNumero) & miNumero * 10 < 100){
  print("Numero menor a 10")
}

miNumero <- "55"
if(is.numeric(miNumero) && miNumero * 10 < 100){
  print("Numero menor a 10")
}

miNombre <- "Pablo"
if(miNombre == "Alexa"){
  result <- "Hola Alexa"
}
if(miNombre == "Juan"){
  result <- "Hola Juan"
}
if(miNombre == "Pablo"){
  result <- "Hola Pablo"
}
if(miNombre == "Javier"){
  result <- "Hola Javier"
}
print(result)

miNombre <- "Pablo"
switch(miNombre, 
  Alexa = result <- "Hola Alexa",
  Juan = result <- "Hola Juan",
  Pablo = result <- "Hola Pablo",
  Javier = result <- "Hola Javier")
print(result)

bdd <- data.frame(rep01 = rnorm(n = 100, mean = 10, sd = 1), 
                  rep02 = rnorm(n = 100, mean = 10, sd = 1))
print(head(bdd))

for (i in 1:5){
  print(bdd$rep01[i] - bdd$rep02[i])
}

letras <- letters
for (i in seq_along(letras)){
  if(letras[i] %in% c("a", "e", "i", "o", "u", "y")){
    print(paste0("Vocal ", letras[i]," en posición: ", i))
  }
}

# [1] FOR
for (i in 1:5){
  print(bdd$rep01[i] - bdd$rep02[i])
}

# [2] VECTOR
head(bdd$rep01 - bdd$rep02)

letras <- letters
# [1] FOR
for (i in seq_along(letras)){
  if(letras[i] %in% c("a", "e", "i", "o", "u", "y")){
    print(paste0("Vocal ", letras[i]," en posición: ", i))
  }
}

# [2] VECTOR
which(letras %in% c("a", "e", "i", "o", "u", "y"))

# numero de números pares
# [1] FOR
x <- sample(1:100, size = 20)
count <- 0
for (val in x) {
  if(val %% 2 == 0){
    count <- count + 1
  }
}
print(count)

# [2] VECTOR
sum(x %% 2 == 0)

# calcular cuadrados
# [1] FOR
x <- rep(0, 20)
for (j in 1:20){
  x[j] <- j^2
}
print(x)

# [2] VECTOR
(1:20)^2

# repetir una tirada de dados y promediar
# [1] FOR
ntrials = 1000
trials = rep(0, ntrials)
for (j in 1:ntrials){
  trials[j] = sample(1:6, size = 1)
}
mean(trials)

# [2] VECTOR
mean(sample(1:6, ntrials, replace = TRUE))

i <- 0
while(i < 4){
  print(i)
  i <- i + 1
}

myNumber <- sample(x = 10000, size = 1)
myGuess <- sample(x = 10000, size = 1)
paste0("Mi numero es: ", myNumber)

paste0("El intento de la computadora es: ", myGuess)

startTime <- Sys.time()
print(startTime)

print(Sys.time() - startTime)

repeticiones <- 0
startTime <- Sys.time()
while(Sys.time() - startTime < 0.5){
  repeticiones <- repeticiones + 1
}
print(repeticiones)

repeticiones <- 0
startTime <- Sys.time()
while(Sys.time() - startTime < 0.5){
  repeticiones <- repeticiones + 1
  if(repeticiones >= 1000){
    break
  }
}
print(repeticiones)

myNumber <- sample(x = 10000, size = 1)
myGuess <- sample(x = 10000, size = 1)
numberGuess <- 0
startTime <- Sys.time()
while(Sys.time() - startTime < 2){
  if(myGuess == myNumber){
    numberGuess <- numberGuess + 1
    print(paste0("Numero encontrado despues de ", 
      numberGuess, " intentos."))
    print(paste0("Y tengo mucho tiempo libre: ", 
      round(2 - as.numeric(Sys.time() - startTime), 
      digits = 2), " sec"))
    break
  }else{
    myGuess <- sample(x = 10000, size = 1)
    numberGuess <- numberGuess + 1
  }
}

guessNumber <- function(myNumber, myGuess){
  numberGuess <- 0
  success <- FALSE
  startTime <- Sys.time()
  while(Sys.time() - startTime < 2){
    if(myGuess == myNumber){
      numberGuess <- numberGuess + 1
      success <- TRUE
      break
    }else{
      myGuess <- sample(x = 10000, size = 1)
      numberGuess <- numberGuess + 1
    }
  }
  return(list(numberGuess, success))
}

guessNumber(myNumber = sample(x = 10000, size = 1), 
            myGuess = sample(x = 10000, size = 1))

guessNumber <- function(mySample){
  myNumber <- sample(mySample, size = 1)
  myGuess <- sample(mySample, size = 1)
  numberGuess <- 0
  success <- FALSE
  startTime <- Sys.time()
  while(Sys.time() - startTime < 2){
    if(myGuess == myNumber){
      numberGuess <- numberGuess + 1
      success <- TRUE
      break
    }else{
      myGuess <- sample(mySample, size = 1)
      numberGuess <- numberGuess + 1
    }
  }
  return(list(numberGuess, success))
}

guessNumber(mySample = 1:10000)

guessNumber2 <- function(mySample){
  myNumber <- sample(mySample, size = 1)
  myGuess <- sample(mySample, size = 1)
  numberGuess <- 0
  success <- FALSE
  startTime <- Sys.time()
  while(Sys.time() - startTime < 2){
    if(myGuess == myNumber){
      numberGuess <- numberGuess + 1
      success <- TRUE
      break
    }else{
      mySample <- mySample[! mySample %in% myGuess]
      myGuess <- sample(mySample, size = 1)
      numberGuess <- numberGuess + 1
    }
  }
  return(list(numberGuess, success))
}

guessNumber2(mySample = 1:10000)

i <- 1
repeat{
  print(i)
  i <- i + 1
  if(i >= 5){
    break
  }
}

startTime <- Sys.time()
i <- 1
repeat{
  guessNumber(mySample = 1:10000)
  i <- i + 1
  if(i >= 10){
    break
  }
}
totalTime <- Sys.time() - startTime
print(totalTime)

startTime <- Sys.time()
i <- 1
repeat{
  guessNumber2(mySample = 1:10000)
  i <- i + 1
  if(i >= 10){
    break
  }
}
totalTime <- Sys.time() - startTime
print(totalTime)

pruebaTiempo <- microbenchmark(
  "codigo01_100" = guessNumber(mySample = 1:100),
  "codigo01_1000" = guessNumber(mySample = 1:1000),
  "codigo01_10000" = guessNumber(mySample = 1:10000),
  "codigo02_100" = guessNumber2(mySample = 1:100), 
  "codigo02_1000" = guessNumber2(mySample = 1:1000), 
  "codigo02_10000" = guessNumber2(mySample = 1:10000), 
  times = 100
)
print(pruebaTiempo)

myVars <- 111:1000
for(myVar in myVars){
  if(myVar %% 32 == 0){
    print(myVar)
    break
  }
}

(111:1000)[111:1000 %% 32 == 0][1]

for(myLetter in letters){
  if(myLetter %in% c("a", "e", "i", "o", "u", "y")){
    next
  }
  print(myLetter)
}

letters[! letters %in% c("a", "e", "i", "o", "u", "y")]